备份与恢复
维护并测试关键数据和系统的备份。
备份与恢复由以下 NIST CSF 2.0 成果定义：PR.DS-11 (Backups of data are created, protected, maintained, and tested); RC.RP-03 (The integrity of backups and other restoration assets is verified before using them for restoration)。 对照映射 通过 ISO 27001, CIS v8.1, PCI DSS, CMMC, 800-53, HIPAA 和 NIS2 中已发布的对照表完成映射。 编辑说明 在 SOC 2, GDPR, Essential Eight 和 DORA 中经编辑映射。 本站数据中无映射 本站数据中 CPS 234 和 Cyber Essentials 无映射。
| 框架 | 要求 | 标题 | 链接 | 来源 / 原因 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NIST CSF 2.0 | PR.DS-11RC.RP-03 | Backups of data are created, protected, maintained, and tested; The integrity of backups and other restoration assets is verified before using them for restoration | 主题定义 | PR.DS-11 RC.RP-03 |
| ISO 27001 | A.8.13 | Information backup | 对照映射 | A.8.13: via PR.DS-11; RC.RP-03; NIST 800-53 map: CP-9 |
| CIS v8.1 | CIS 11.2CIS 11.3CIS 11.5CIS 11.4 | Perform Automated Backups; Protect Recovery Data; Test Data Recovery… | 对照映射 | CIS 11.2: via PR.DS-11 CIS 11.3: via PR.DS-11 CIS 11.5: via PR.DS-11; RC.RP-03 CIS 11.4: Editorial (CIS's published crosswalk covers 49 of 153 safeguards): an isolated copy of recovery data. |
| SOC 2 | A1.2 | Environmental protections, backups and recovery infrastructure | 编辑说明 | A1.2: AICPA's TSC mappings are not openly licensed; ControlMapping editorial mapping (criterion summaries are ours, not AICPA text). |
| PCI DSS | 9.4.1.1 | Offline backup media stored securely | 对照映射 | 9.4.1.1: via PR.DS-11; RC.RP-03 |
| CMMC | MP.L2-3.8.9 | Protect Backups | 对照映射 | MP.L2-3.8.9: via 800-171r3 03.08.09 ↔ PR.DS-11, RC.RP-03 → CP-9; 800-171r2 Appendix D → CP-9 |
| 800-53 | CP-6CP-9 | Alternate Storage Site; System Backup | 对照映射 | CP-6: via PR.DS-11 CP-9: via PR.DS-11; RC.RP-03 |
| HIPAA | §164.308(a)(7)(ii)(A)§164.310(d)(2)(iv) | Data Backup Plan; Data Backup and Storage | 对照映射 | §164.308(a)(7)(ii)(A): via NIST HIPAA map: CP-6, CP-9 §164.310(d)(2)(iv): via NIST HIPAA map: CP-9 |
| GDPR | Art.32(1)(c) | Security of processing | 编辑说明 | Art.32(1)(c): No official crosswalk exists for GDPR; ControlMapping editorial mapping. |
| NIS2 | 4.2 | Backup management | 对照映射 | 4.2: via PR.DS-11; ENISA ISO map: A.8.13 |
| Essential Eight | ISM-1511ISM-1810ISM-1811ISM-1814ISM-1707ISM-1515 | Backups of data, applications and settings are performed and retained in accordance…; Backups of data, applications and settings are synchronised to enable restoration to a…; Backups of data, applications and settings are retained in a secure and resilient manner… | 编辑说明 | ASD assigns these ISM controls to the Essential Eight; ASD publishes no crosswalk to NIST or ISO, so linking them to topics is ControlMapping editorial. |
| DORA | Art.12(1)Art.12(2)Art.12(3) | Backup policies and procedures, restoration and recovery procedures and methods; Backup policies and procedures, restoration and recovery procedures and methods; Backup policies and procedures, restoration and recovery procedures and methods | 编辑说明 | Art.12(1): Documented backup policies (scope and minimum frequency by criticality) and restoration and recovery procedures. Art.12(2): Backup systems that can be activated securely, with periodic testing of backup and restoration. Art.12(3): Restore onto systems that are physically and logically segregated from the source. |
| CPS 234 | — | 无要求 | 本站数据中无映射 | 本站数据中没有 CPS 234 要求映射到此主题。 |
| Cyber Essentials | — | 无要求 | 本站数据中无映射 | 本站数据中没有 Cyber Essentials 要求映射到此主题。 |
主题定义 定义本主题的 CSF 2.0 结果 · 对照映射 至少一项选择有已发布对照表作为依据 · 编辑说明 ControlMapping 的判断及理由 · 未映射，仅与该主题的 CSF 成果相同 · 本站数据中无映射 我们的数据中未映射任何内容；通常为新工作，但请查看覆盖范围说明. 方法说明.
要求编号和标题均按各框架官方发布的英文原文显示。
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关于备份与恢复
备份与恢复控制措施用于确保关键数据和系统配置在勒索软件攻击、硬件故障、自然灾害或误删除之后能够被还原。最佳实践包括遵循 3-2-1 备份规则（三份副本、两种不同的存储介质、一份异地存放）、对备份数据进行加密、定期测试还原流程，以及维护攻击者无法修改的不可变或物理隔离（air-gapped）备份。应为每个关键系统定义恢复时间目标（RTO）和恢复点目标（RPO），并通过定期的灾难恢复演练加以验证。