NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0
ما هو
إطار نتائج طوعي للأمن السيبراني صادر عن NIST، نُشر في فبراير 2024. يتألف من ستّ وظائف (الحوكمة Govern، والتعرّف Identify، والحماية Protect، والكشف Detect، والاستجابة Respond، والتعافي Recover)، و22 فئة و106 فئات فرعية. يحدد الإطار ما يجب تحقيقه لا كيفية تحقيقه، إذ تصف المؤسسات وضعها الحالي والوضع المستهدف من خلال ملفات التعريف الحالية وملفات التعريف المستهدفة.
من يحتاجه
أي مؤسسة، بغض النظر عن حجمها أو قطاعها. تستخدمه الوكالات الفيدرالية الأمريكية مع إطار إدارة المخاطر من NIST، كما تشير إليه جهات تنظيمية وشركات تأمين كثيرة، وتستخدمه مجالس الإدارة لتنظيم تقارير الأمن السيبراني.
كيف يُقيَّم
لا توجد شهادة أو عملية تدقيق رسمية لإطار CSF. تُجري المؤسسات تقييمها الذاتي لملفات تعريفها أو تكلّف جهة تقييم مستقلة؛ أما ادعاءات الحصول على "شهادة CSF" فليست صادرة عن NIST.
المقارنات
المتطلبات
تُعرض معرّفات المتطلبات وعناوينها كما تنشرها كل جهة معيارية، باللغة الإنجليزية.
| ID | المتطلب | الموضوعات | مُطابَق في |
|---|---|---|---|
| Detect (DE) · 11 | |||
| DE.AE-02 | Potentially adverse events are analyzed to better understand associated activities | كشف التسلل, اكتشاف الشذوذ | 10 من 13 |
| DE.AE-03 | Information is correlated from multiple sources | التسجيل والتدقيق, SIEM / SOC | 10 من 13 |
| DE.AE-04 | The estimated impact and scope of adverse events are understood | اكتشاف الشذوذ | 9 من 13 |
| DE.AE-06 | Information on adverse events is provided to authorized staff and tools | SIEM / SOC | 10 من 13 |
| DE.AE-07 | Cyber threat intelligence and other contextual information are integrated into the analysis | استخبارات التهديدات | 6 من 13 |
| DE.AE-08 | Incidents are declared when adverse events meet the defined incident criteria | SIEM / SOC | 10 من 13 |
| DE.CM-01 | Networks and network services are monitored to find potentially adverse events | أمان نظام أسماء النطاقات (DNS), WAF, المراقبة المستمرة, كشف التسلل | 11 من 13 |
| DE.CM-02 | The physical environment is monitored to find potentially adverse events | الأمن المادي | 8 من 13 |
| DE.CM-03 | Personnel activity and technology usage are monitored to find potentially adverse events | المراقبة المستمرة, التهديدات الداخلية | 11 من 13 |
| DE.CM-06 | External service provider activities and services are monitored to find potentially adverse events | إدارة مخاطر الموردين | 10 من 13 |
| DE.CM-09 | Computing hardware and software, runtime environments, and their data are monitored to find potentially adverse events | حماية نقاط النهاية, أمن البريد الإلكتروني, المراقبة المستمرة, اكتشاف الشذوذ | 11 من 13 |
| Govern (GV) · 31 | |||
| GV.OC-01 | The organizational mission is understood and informs cybersecurity risk management | بيئة الأعمال | 5 من 13 |
| GV.OC-02 | Internal and external stakeholders are understood, and their needs and expectations regarding cybersecurity risk management are understood and considered | — | |
| GV.OC-03 | Legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements regarding cybersecurity - including privacy and civil liberties obligations - are understood and managed | الامتثال | 10 من 13 |
| GV.OC-04 | Critical objectives, capabilities, and services that external stakeholders depend on or expect from the organization are understood and communicated | بيئة الأعمال, استمرارية الأعمال | 8 من 13 |
| GV.OC-05 | Outcomes, capabilities, and services that the organization depends on are understood and communicated | بيئة الأعمال | 5 من 13 |
| GV.OV-01 | Cybersecurity risk management strategy outcomes are reviewed to inform and adjust strategy and direction | — | |
| GV.OV-02 | The cybersecurity risk management strategy is reviewed and adjusted to ensure coverage of organizational requirements and risks | — | |
| GV.OV-03 | Organizational cybersecurity risk management performance is evaluated and reviewed for adjustments needed | الامتثال | 10 من 13 |
| GV.PO-01 | Policy for managing cybersecurity risks is established based on organizational context, cybersecurity strategy, and priorities and is communicated and enforced | سياسة الحوكمة | 9 من 13 |
| GV.PO-02 | Policy for managing cybersecurity risks is reviewed, updated, communicated, and enforced to reflect changes in requirements, threats, technology, and organizational mission | سياسة الحوكمة | 9 من 13 |
| GV.RM-01 | Risk management objectives are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders | إدارة المخاطر | 10 من 13 |
| GV.RM-02 | Risk appetite and risk tolerance statements are established, communicated, and maintained | إدارة المخاطر | 10 من 13 |
| GV.RM-03 | Cybersecurity risk management activities and outcomes are included in enterprise risk management processes | إدارة المخاطر | 10 من 13 |
| GV.RM-04 | Strategic direction that describes appropriate risk response options is established and communicated | — | |
| GV.RM-05 | Lines of communication across the organization are established for cybersecurity risks, including risks from suppliers and other third parties | — | |
| GV.RM-06 | A standardized method for calculating, documenting, categorizing, and prioritizing cybersecurity risks is established and communicated | إدارة المخاطر | 10 من 13 |
| GV.RM-07 | Strategic opportunities (i.e., positive risks) are characterized and are included in organizational cybersecurity risk discussions | — | |
| GV.RR-01 | Organizational leadership is responsible and accountable for cybersecurity risk and fosters a culture that is risk-aware, ethical, and continually improving | الأدوار والمسؤوليات | 9 من 13 |
| GV.RR-02 | Roles, responsibilities, and authorities related to cybersecurity risk management are established, communicated, understood, and enforced | الأدوار والمسؤوليات | 9 من 13 |
| GV.RR-03 | Adequate resources are allocated commensurate with the cybersecurity risk strategy, roles, responsibilities, and policies | الأدوار والمسؤوليات | 9 من 13 |
| GV.RR-04 | Cybersecurity is included in human resources practices | التهديدات الداخلية | 8 من 13 |
| GV.SC-01 | A cybersecurity supply chain risk management program, strategy, objectives, policies, and processes are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders | مخاطر سلسلة التوريد | 9 من 13 |
| GV.SC-02 | Cybersecurity roles and responsibilities for suppliers, customers, and partners are established, communicated, and coordinated internally and externally | — | |
| GV.SC-03 | Cybersecurity supply chain risk management is integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management, risk assessment, and improvement processes | مخاطر سلسلة التوريد | 9 من 13 |
| GV.SC-04 | Suppliers are known and prioritized by criticality | إدارة مخاطر الموردين | 10 من 13 |
| GV.SC-05 | Requirements to address cybersecurity risks in supply chains are established, prioritized, and integrated into contracts and other types of agreements with suppliers and other relevant third parties | مخاطر سلسلة التوريد | 9 من 13 |
| GV.SC-06 | Planning and due diligence are performed to reduce risks before entering into formal supplier or other third-party relationships | إدارة مخاطر الموردين | 10 من 13 |
| GV.SC-07 | The risks posed by a supplier, their products and services, and other third parties are understood, recorded, prioritized, assessed, responded to, and monitored over the course of the relationship | إدارة مخاطر الموردين | 10 من 13 |
| GV.SC-08 | Relevant suppliers and other third parties are included in incident planning, response, and recovery activities | — | |
| GV.SC-09 | Supply chain security practices are integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management programs, and their performance is monitored throughout the technology product and service life cycle | مخاطر سلسلة التوريد | 9 من 13 |
| GV.SC-10 | Cybersecurity supply chain risk management plans include provisions for activities that occur after the conclusion of a partnership or service agreement | — | |
| Identify (ID) · 21 | |||
| ID.AM-01 | Inventories of hardware managed by the organization are maintained | إدارة الأصول | 13 من 13 |
| ID.AM-02 | Inventories of software, services, and systems managed by the organization are maintained | إدارة الأصول | 13 من 13 |
| ID.AM-03 | Representations of the organization's authorized network communication and internal and external network data flows are maintained | جدار الحماية / تجزئة الشبكة | 9 من 13 |
| ID.AM-04 | Inventories of services provided by suppliers are maintained | إدارة الأصول, أمن السحابة | 13 من 13 |
| ID.AM-05 | Assets are prioritized based on classification, criticality, resources, and impact on the mission | تصنيف البيانات | 9 من 13 |
| ID.AM-07 | Inventories of data and corresponding metadata for designated data types are maintained | تصنيف البيانات | 9 من 13 |
| ID.AM-08 | Systems, hardware, software, services, and data are managed throughout their life cycles | إدارة الأصول | 13 من 13 |
| ID.IM-01 | Improvements are identified from evaluations | — | |
| ID.IM-02 | Improvements are identified from security tests and exercises, including those done in coordination with suppliers and relevant third parties | — | |
| ID.IM-03 | Improvements are identified from execution of operational processes, procedures, and activities | الدروس المستفادة | 9 من 13 |
| ID.IM-04 | Incident response plans and other cybersecurity plans that affect operations are established, communicated, maintained, and improved | الاستجابة للحوادث, تخطيط الاستعادة | 12 من 13 |
| ID.RA-01 | Vulnerabilities in assets are identified, validated, and recorded | إدارة الثغرات | 13 من 13 |
| ID.RA-02 | Cyber threat intelligence is received from information sharing forums and sources | استخبارات التهديدات | 6 من 13 |
| ID.RA-03 | Internal and external threats to the organization are identified and recorded | تقييم المخاطر, استخبارات التهديدات | 10 من 13 |
| ID.RA-04 | Potential impacts and likelihoods of threats exploiting vulnerabilities are identified and recorded | تقييم المخاطر | 10 من 13 |
| ID.RA-05 | Threats, vulnerabilities, likelihoods, and impacts are used to understand inherent risk and inform risk response prioritization | تقييم المخاطر | 10 من 13 |
| ID.RA-06 | Risk responses are chosen, prioritized, planned, tracked, and communicated | تقييم المخاطر | 10 من 13 |
| ID.RA-07 | Changes and exceptions are managed, assessed for risk impact, recorded, and tracked | — | |
| ID.RA-08 | Processes for receiving, analyzing, and responding to vulnerability disclosures are established | إدارة الثغرات | 13 من 13 |
| ID.RA-09 | The authenticity and integrity of hardware and software are assessed prior to acquisition and use | مخاطر سلسلة التوريد | 9 من 13 |
| ID.RA-10 | Critical suppliers are assessed prior to acquisition | إدارة مخاطر الموردين | 10 من 13 |
| Protect (PR) · 22 | |||
| PR.AA-01 | Identities and credentials for authorized users, services, and hardware are managed by the organization | التحكم في الوصول | 11 من 13 |
| PR.AA-02 | Identities are proofed and bound to credentials based on the context of interactions | — | |
| PR.AA-03 | Users, services, and hardware are authenticated | المصادقة متعددة العناصر, الثقة المعدومة, أمن واجهات برمجة التطبيقات | 10 من 13 |
| PR.AA-04 | Identity assertions are protected, conveyed, and verified | الثقة المعدومة | 7 من 13 |
| PR.AA-05 | Access permissions, entitlements, and authorizations are defined in a policy, managed, enforced, and reviewed, and incorporate the principles of least privilege and separation of duties | التحكم في الوصول, الوصول المميز, الثقة المعدومة, أمن الأجهزة المحمولة | 12 من 13 |
| PR.AA-06 | Physical access to assets is managed, monitored, and enforced commensurate with risk | الأمن المادي | 8 من 13 |
| PR.AT-01 | Personnel are provided with awareness and training so that they possess the knowledge and skills to perform general tasks with cybersecurity risks in mind | التوعية والتدريب | 10 من 13 |
| PR.AT-02 | Individuals in specialized roles are provided with awareness and training so that they possess the knowledge and skills to perform relevant tasks with cybersecurity risks in mind | التوعية والتدريب | 10 من 13 |
| PR.DS-01 | The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-at-rest are protected | التشفير, حماية البيانات, DLP | 11 من 13 |
| PR.DS-02 | The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-in-transit are protected | التشفير, حماية البيانات, أمن البريد الإلكتروني, DLP | 12 من 13 |
| PR.DS-10 | The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-in-use are protected | حماية البيانات, DLP | 11 من 13 |
| PR.DS-11 | Backups of data are created, protected, maintained, and tested | النسخ الاحتياطي والاستعادة | 11 من 13 |
| PR.IR-01 | Networks and environments are protected from unauthorized logical access and usage | جدار الحماية / تجزئة الشبكة, أمن تطبيقات الويب, الثقة المعدومة, أمن السحابة, أمان نظام أسماء النطاقات (DNS), WAF, أمن واجهات برمجة التطبيقات | 11 من 13 |
| PR.IR-02 | The organization's technology assets are protected from environmental threats | الأمن المادي | 8 من 13 |
| PR.IR-03 | Mechanisms are implemented to achieve resilience requirements in normal and adverse situations | استمرارية الأعمال, التعافي من الكوارث | 10 من 13 |
| PR.IR-04 | Adequate resource capacity to ensure availability is maintained | — | |
| PR.PS-01 | Configuration management practices are established and applied | الإعدادات الآمنة, أمن الأجهزة المحمولة, أمن السحابة | 12 من 13 |
| PR.PS-02 | Software is maintained, replaced, and removed commensurate with risk | إدارة الرقع | 10 من 13 |
| PR.PS-03 | Hardware is maintained, replaced, and removed commensurate with risk | — | |
| PR.PS-04 | Log records are generated and made available for continuous monitoring | التسجيل والتدقيق | 10 من 13 |
| PR.PS-05 | Installation and execution of unauthorized software are prevented | حماية نقاط النهاية | 10 من 13 |
| PR.PS-06 | Secure software development practices are integrated, and their performance is monitored throughout the software development life cycle | التطوير الآمن, أمن تطبيقات الويب, أمن واجهات برمجة التطبيقات | 8 من 13 |
| Recover (RC) · 8 | |||
| RC.CO-03 | Recovery activities and progress in restoring operational capabilities are communicated to designated internal and external stakeholders | التواصل والاستعادة | 8 من 13 |
| RC.CO-04 | Public updates on incident recovery are shared using approved methods and messaging | التواصل والاستعادة | 8 من 13 |
| RC.RP-01 | The recovery portion of the incident response plan is executed once initiated from the incident response process | تخطيط الاستعادة | 9 من 13 |
| RC.RP-02 | Recovery actions are selected, scoped, prioritized, and performed | تخطيط الاستعادة, التعافي من الكوارث | 10 من 13 |
| RC.RP-03 | The integrity of backups and other restoration assets is verified before using them for restoration | النسخ الاحتياطي والاستعادة | 11 من 13 |
| RC.RP-04 | Critical mission functions and cybersecurity risk management are considered to establish post-incident operational norms | استمرارية الأعمال | 8 من 13 |
| RC.RP-05 | The integrity of restored assets is verified, systems and services are restored, and normal operating status is confirmed | التواصل والاستعادة, التعافي من الكوارث | 11 من 13 |
| RC.RP-06 | The end of incident recovery is declared based on criteria, and incident-related documentation is completed | الدروس المستفادة | 9 من 13 |
| Respond (RS) · 13 | |||
| RS.AN-03 | Analysis is performed to establish what has taken place during an incident and the root cause of the incident | الطب الشرعي الرقمي | 7 من 13 |
| RS.AN-06 | Actions performed during an investigation are recorded, and the records' integrity and provenance are preserved | الطب الشرعي الرقمي | 7 من 13 |
| RS.AN-07 | Incident data and metadata are collected, and their integrity and provenance are preserved | الطب الشرعي الرقمي | 7 من 13 |
| RS.AN-08 | An incident's magnitude is estimated and validated | — | |
| RS.CO-02 | Internal and external stakeholders are notified of incidents | الإبلاغ | 12 من 13 |
| RS.CO-03 | Information is shared with designated internal and external stakeholders | الاتصالات | 8 من 13 |
| RS.MA-01 | The incident response plan is executed in coordination with relevant third parties once an incident is declared | الاستجابة للحوادث | 12 من 13 |
| RS.MA-02 | Incident reports are triaged and validated | الاستجابة للحوادث | 12 من 13 |
| RS.MA-03 | Incidents are categorized and prioritized | الاستجابة للحوادث | 12 من 13 |
| RS.MA-04 | Incidents are escalated or elevated as needed | الاستجابة للحوادث | 12 من 13 |
| RS.MA-05 | The criteria for initiating incident recovery are applied | — | |
| RS.MI-01 | Incidents are contained | التخفيف | 8 من 13 |
| RS.MI-02 | Incidents are eradicated | التخفيف | 8 من 13 |
تغطية الموضوع
الموضوعات ذات متطلبات NIST CSF 2.0 المربوطة (50):