NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0
Qué es
Marco voluntario del NIST de resultados de ciberseguridad, publicado en febrero de 2024. Consta de seis funciones (Gobernar, Identificar, Proteger, Detectar, Responder y Recuperar), 22 categorías y 106 subcategorías. Define qué lograr, no cómo: las organizaciones describen su situación actual y adónde quieren llegar mediante perfiles actuales y perfiles objetivo.
Quién lo necesita
Cualquier organización, de cualquier tamaño o sector. Las agencias federales de EE. UU. lo utilizan junto con el Marco de Gestión de Riesgos del NIST, muchos reguladores y aseguradoras lo citan como referencia, y los consejos de administración lo emplean para estructurar los informes de seguridad.
Cómo se evalúa
No existe una certificación ni una auditoría oficial del CSF. Las organizaciones autoevalúan sus perfiles o encargan una evaluación independiente; las afirmaciones de estar "certificado en CSF" no proceden del NIST.
Comparativas
Requisitos
Los identificadores y títulos de los requisitos se muestran tal como los publica cada marco, en inglés.
| ID | Requisito | Temas | Con correspondencia en |
|---|---|---|---|
| Detect (DE) · 11 | |||
| DE.AE-02 | Potentially adverse events are analyzed to better understand associated activities | Detección de intrusiones, Detección de anomalías | 10 de 13 |
| DE.AE-03 | Information is correlated from multiple sources | Registro y auditoría, SIEM / SOC | 10 de 13 |
| DE.AE-04 | The estimated impact and scope of adverse events are understood | Detección de anomalías | 9 de 13 |
| DE.AE-06 | Information on adverse events is provided to authorized staff and tools | SIEM / SOC | 10 de 13 |
| DE.AE-07 | Cyber threat intelligence and other contextual information are integrated into the analysis | Inteligencia de amenazas | 6 de 13 |
| DE.AE-08 | Incidents are declared when adverse events meet the defined incident criteria | SIEM / SOC | 10 de 13 |
| DE.CM-01 | Networks and network services are monitored to find potentially adverse events | Seguridad DNS, WAF, Monitoreo cont., Detección de intrusiones | 11 de 13 |
| DE.CM-02 | The physical environment is monitored to find potentially adverse events | Seguridad física | 8 de 13 |
| DE.CM-03 | Personnel activity and technology usage are monitored to find potentially adverse events | Monitoreo cont., Amenaza interna | 11 de 13 |
| DE.CM-06 | External service provider activities and services are monitored to find potentially adverse events | Gestión de riesgos de proveedores | 10 de 13 |
| DE.CM-09 | Computing hardware and software, runtime environments, and their data are monitored to find potentially adverse events | Protección de endpoints, Seguridad del correo electrónico, Monitoreo cont., Detección de anomalías | 11 de 13 |
| Govern (GV) · 31 | |||
| GV.OC-01 | The organizational mission is understood and informs cybersecurity risk management | Entorno empresarial | 5 de 13 |
| GV.OC-02 | Internal and external stakeholders are understood, and their needs and expectations regarding cybersecurity risk management are understood and considered | — | |
| GV.OC-03 | Legal, regulatory, and contractual requirements regarding cybersecurity - including privacy and civil liberties obligations - are understood and managed | Cumplimiento | 10 de 13 |
| GV.OC-04 | Critical objectives, capabilities, and services that external stakeholders depend on or expect from the organization are understood and communicated | Entorno empresarial, Continuidad del negocio | 8 de 13 |
| GV.OC-05 | Outcomes, capabilities, and services that the organization depends on are understood and communicated | Entorno empresarial | 5 de 13 |
| GV.OV-01 | Cybersecurity risk management strategy outcomes are reviewed to inform and adjust strategy and direction | — | |
| GV.OV-02 | The cybersecurity risk management strategy is reviewed and adjusted to ensure coverage of organizational requirements and risks | — | |
| GV.OV-03 | Organizational cybersecurity risk management performance is evaluated and reviewed for adjustments needed | Cumplimiento | 10 de 13 |
| GV.PO-01 | Policy for managing cybersecurity risks is established based on organizational context, cybersecurity strategy, and priorities and is communicated and enforced | Política de gobernanza | 9 de 13 |
| GV.PO-02 | Policy for managing cybersecurity risks is reviewed, updated, communicated, and enforced to reflect changes in requirements, threats, technology, and organizational mission | Política de gobernanza | 9 de 13 |
| GV.RM-01 | Risk management objectives are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders | Gestión de riesgos | 10 de 13 |
| GV.RM-02 | Risk appetite and risk tolerance statements are established, communicated, and maintained | Gestión de riesgos | 10 de 13 |
| GV.RM-03 | Cybersecurity risk management activities and outcomes are included in enterprise risk management processes | Gestión de riesgos | 10 de 13 |
| GV.RM-04 | Strategic direction that describes appropriate risk response options is established and communicated | — | |
| GV.RM-05 | Lines of communication across the organization are established for cybersecurity risks, including risks from suppliers and other third parties | — | |
| GV.RM-06 | A standardized method for calculating, documenting, categorizing, and prioritizing cybersecurity risks is established and communicated | Gestión de riesgos | 10 de 13 |
| GV.RM-07 | Strategic opportunities (i.e., positive risks) are characterized and are included in organizational cybersecurity risk discussions | — | |
| GV.RR-01 | Organizational leadership is responsible and accountable for cybersecurity risk and fosters a culture that is risk-aware, ethical, and continually improving | Funciones y responsabilidades | 9 de 13 |
| GV.RR-02 | Roles, responsibilities, and authorities related to cybersecurity risk management are established, communicated, understood, and enforced | Funciones y responsabilidades | 9 de 13 |
| GV.RR-03 | Adequate resources are allocated commensurate with the cybersecurity risk strategy, roles, responsibilities, and policies | Funciones y responsabilidades | 9 de 13 |
| GV.RR-04 | Cybersecurity is included in human resources practices | Amenaza interna | 8 de 13 |
| GV.SC-01 | A cybersecurity supply chain risk management program, strategy, objectives, policies, and processes are established and agreed to by organizational stakeholders | Riesgo de la cadena de suministro | 9 de 13 |
| GV.SC-02 | Cybersecurity roles and responsibilities for suppliers, customers, and partners are established, communicated, and coordinated internally and externally | — | |
| GV.SC-03 | Cybersecurity supply chain risk management is integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management, risk assessment, and improvement processes | Riesgo de la cadena de suministro | 9 de 13 |
| GV.SC-04 | Suppliers are known and prioritized by criticality | Gestión de riesgos de proveedores | 10 de 13 |
| GV.SC-05 | Requirements to address cybersecurity risks in supply chains are established, prioritized, and integrated into contracts and other types of agreements with suppliers and other relevant third parties | Riesgo de la cadena de suministro | 9 de 13 |
| GV.SC-06 | Planning and due diligence are performed to reduce risks before entering into formal supplier or other third-party relationships | Gestión de riesgos de proveedores | 10 de 13 |
| GV.SC-07 | The risks posed by a supplier, their products and services, and other third parties are understood, recorded, prioritized, assessed, responded to, and monitored over the course of the relationship | Gestión de riesgos de proveedores | 10 de 13 |
| GV.SC-08 | Relevant suppliers and other third parties are included in incident planning, response, and recovery activities | — | |
| GV.SC-09 | Supply chain security practices are integrated into cybersecurity and enterprise risk management programs, and their performance is monitored throughout the technology product and service life cycle | Riesgo de la cadena de suministro | 9 de 13 |
| GV.SC-10 | Cybersecurity supply chain risk management plans include provisions for activities that occur after the conclusion of a partnership or service agreement | — | |
| Identify (ID) · 21 | |||
| ID.AM-01 | Inventories of hardware managed by the organization are maintained | Gestión de activos | 13 de 13 |
| ID.AM-02 | Inventories of software, services, and systems managed by the organization are maintained | Gestión de activos | 13 de 13 |
| ID.AM-03 | Representations of the organization's authorized network communication and internal and external network data flows are maintained | Cortafuegos / Segmentación de red | 9 de 13 |
| ID.AM-04 | Inventories of services provided by suppliers are maintained | Gestión de activos, Seguridad en la nube | 13 de 13 |
| ID.AM-05 | Assets are prioritized based on classification, criticality, resources, and impact on the mission | Clasificación de datos | 9 de 13 |
| ID.AM-07 | Inventories of data and corresponding metadata for designated data types are maintained | Clasificación de datos | 9 de 13 |
| ID.AM-08 | Systems, hardware, software, services, and data are managed throughout their life cycles | Gestión de activos | 13 de 13 |
| ID.IM-01 | Improvements are identified from evaluations | — | |
| ID.IM-02 | Improvements are identified from security tests and exercises, including those done in coordination with suppliers and relevant third parties | — | |
| ID.IM-03 | Improvements are identified from execution of operational processes, procedures, and activities | Lecciones aprendidas | 9 de 13 |
| ID.IM-04 | Incident response plans and other cybersecurity plans that affect operations are established, communicated, maintained, and improved | Respuesta a incidentes, Planificación de la recuperación | 12 de 13 |
| ID.RA-01 | Vulnerabilities in assets are identified, validated, and recorded | Gestión de vulnerabilidades | 13 de 13 |
| ID.RA-02 | Cyber threat intelligence is received from information sharing forums and sources | Inteligencia de amenazas | 6 de 13 |
| ID.RA-03 | Internal and external threats to the organization are identified and recorded | Evaluación de riesgos, Inteligencia de amenazas | 10 de 13 |
| ID.RA-04 | Potential impacts and likelihoods of threats exploiting vulnerabilities are identified and recorded | Evaluación de riesgos | 10 de 13 |
| ID.RA-05 | Threats, vulnerabilities, likelihoods, and impacts are used to understand inherent risk and inform risk response prioritization | Evaluación de riesgos | 10 de 13 |
| ID.RA-06 | Risk responses are chosen, prioritized, planned, tracked, and communicated | Evaluación de riesgos | 10 de 13 |
| ID.RA-07 | Changes and exceptions are managed, assessed for risk impact, recorded, and tracked | — | |
| ID.RA-08 | Processes for receiving, analyzing, and responding to vulnerability disclosures are established | Gestión de vulnerabilidades | 13 de 13 |
| ID.RA-09 | The authenticity and integrity of hardware and software are assessed prior to acquisition and use | Riesgo de la cadena de suministro | 9 de 13 |
| ID.RA-10 | Critical suppliers are assessed prior to acquisition | Gestión de riesgos de proveedores | 10 de 13 |
| Protect (PR) · 22 | |||
| PR.AA-01 | Identities and credentials for authorized users, services, and hardware are managed by the organization | Control de acceso | 11 de 13 |
| PR.AA-02 | Identities are proofed and bound to credentials based on the context of interactions | — | |
| PR.AA-03 | Users, services, and hardware are authenticated | Autenticación multifactor, Confianza cero, Seguridad de APIs | 10 de 13 |
| PR.AA-04 | Identity assertions are protected, conveyed, and verified | Confianza cero | 7 de 13 |
| PR.AA-05 | Access permissions, entitlements, and authorizations are defined in a policy, managed, enforced, and reviewed, and incorporate the principles of least privilege and separation of duties | Control de acceso, Acceso privilegiado, Confianza cero, Seguridad móvil | 12 de 13 |
| PR.AA-06 | Physical access to assets is managed, monitored, and enforced commensurate with risk | Seguridad física | 8 de 13 |
| PR.AT-01 | Personnel are provided with awareness and training so that they possess the knowledge and skills to perform general tasks with cybersecurity risks in mind | Concienciación y formación | 10 de 13 |
| PR.AT-02 | Individuals in specialized roles are provided with awareness and training so that they possess the knowledge and skills to perform relevant tasks with cybersecurity risks in mind | Concienciación y formación | 10 de 13 |
| PR.DS-01 | The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-at-rest are protected | Cifrado, Protección de datos, DLP | 11 de 13 |
| PR.DS-02 | The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-in-transit are protected | Cifrado, Protección de datos, Seguridad del correo electrónico, DLP | 12 de 13 |
| PR.DS-10 | The confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data-in-use are protected | Protección de datos, DLP | 11 de 13 |
| PR.DS-11 | Backups of data are created, protected, maintained, and tested | Copias de seguridad y recuperación | 11 de 13 |
| PR.IR-01 | Networks and environments are protected from unauthorized logical access and usage | Cortafuegos / Segmentación de red, Seguridad web, Confianza cero, Seguridad en la nube, Seguridad DNS, WAF, Seguridad de APIs | 11 de 13 |
| PR.IR-02 | The organization's technology assets are protected from environmental threats | Seguridad física | 8 de 13 |
| PR.IR-03 | Mechanisms are implemented to achieve resilience requirements in normal and adverse situations | Continuidad del negocio, Recuperación ante desastres | 10 de 13 |
| PR.IR-04 | Adequate resource capacity to ensure availability is maintained | — | |
| PR.PS-01 | Configuration management practices are established and applied | Configuración segura, Seguridad móvil, Seguridad en la nube | 12 de 13 |
| PR.PS-02 | Software is maintained, replaced, and removed commensurate with risk | Gestión de parches | 10 de 13 |
| PR.PS-03 | Hardware is maintained, replaced, and removed commensurate with risk | — | |
| PR.PS-04 | Log records are generated and made available for continuous monitoring | Registro y auditoría | 10 de 13 |
| PR.PS-05 | Installation and execution of unauthorized software are prevented | Protección de endpoints | 10 de 13 |
| PR.PS-06 | Secure software development practices are integrated, and their performance is monitored throughout the software development life cycle | Desarrollo seguro, Seguridad web, Seguridad de APIs | 8 de 13 |
| Recover (RC) · 8 | |||
| RC.CO-03 | Recovery activities and progress in restoring operational capabilities are communicated to designated internal and external stakeholders | Comunicaciones y restauración | 8 de 13 |
| RC.CO-04 | Public updates on incident recovery are shared using approved methods and messaging | Comunicaciones y restauración | 8 de 13 |
| RC.RP-01 | The recovery portion of the incident response plan is executed once initiated from the incident response process | Planificación de la recuperación | 9 de 13 |
| RC.RP-02 | Recovery actions are selected, scoped, prioritized, and performed | Planificación de la recuperación, Recuperación ante desastres | 10 de 13 |
| RC.RP-03 | The integrity of backups and other restoration assets is verified before using them for restoration | Copias de seguridad y recuperación | 11 de 13 |
| RC.RP-04 | Critical mission functions and cybersecurity risk management are considered to establish post-incident operational norms | Continuidad del negocio | 8 de 13 |
| RC.RP-05 | The integrity of restored assets is verified, systems and services are restored, and normal operating status is confirmed | Comunicaciones y restauración, Recuperación ante desastres | 11 de 13 |
| RC.RP-06 | The end of incident recovery is declared based on criteria, and incident-related documentation is completed | Lecciones aprendidas | 9 de 13 |
| Respond (RS) · 13 | |||
| RS.AN-03 | Analysis is performed to establish what has taken place during an incident and the root cause of the incident | Análisis forense | 7 de 13 |
| RS.AN-06 | Actions performed during an investigation are recorded, and the records' integrity and provenance are preserved | Análisis forense | 7 de 13 |
| RS.AN-07 | Incident data and metadata are collected, and their integrity and provenance are preserved | Análisis forense | 7 de 13 |
| RS.AN-08 | An incident's magnitude is estimated and validated | — | |
| RS.CO-02 | Internal and external stakeholders are notified of incidents | Notificación | 12 de 13 |
| RS.CO-03 | Information is shared with designated internal and external stakeholders | Comunicación | 8 de 13 |
| RS.MA-01 | The incident response plan is executed in coordination with relevant third parties once an incident is declared | Respuesta a incidentes | 12 de 13 |
| RS.MA-02 | Incident reports are triaged and validated | Respuesta a incidentes | 12 de 13 |
| RS.MA-03 | Incidents are categorized and prioritized | Respuesta a incidentes | 12 de 13 |
| RS.MA-04 | Incidents are escalated or elevated as needed | Respuesta a incidentes | 12 de 13 |
| RS.MA-05 | The criteria for initiating incident recovery are applied | — | |
| RS.MI-01 | Incidents are contained | Mitigación | 8 de 13 |
| RS.MI-02 | Incidents are eradicated | Mitigación | 8 de 13 |
Cobertura del tema
Temas con requisitos de NIST CSF 2.0 asignados (50):